Frailty A Condition of the Elderly - 1460 Words

Frailty Introduction ‘Frailty thy name is woman emotionally refers to his mother Hamlet (Act 1, Scene 2). While the term â€Å"frailty† has been around for a while, the use of it in a medical literature has only been evolving in the past 30 years. However, condition with similar meaning, was described back in 1914 in a publication â€Å"The Diseases of Old Age and their Treatment† (Nascher, 1914). In this publication Nascher describes a condition of his elderly patients as â€Å"senile disability† or â€Å"senile cachexia† manifesting in general physical weakness and mental impairments as a result of the aging process. Later, several authors use term â€Å"Failure to Thrive† while describing a multifactorial state of decline in elderly (Kimball et al., 1995; Robertson et al., 2004; Sarkisian et al., 1996). The search term â€Å"frail elderly† in PubMed.gov generated 8384 results indicating great interest by clinicians and researchers in this topic. However , despite the interest there is considerable uncertainty regarding the concept and definition of frailty (Bergman et al., 2007). Frailty is â€Å"one of those complex terms – like independence, life satisfaction, and continuity – that trouble gerontologists with multiple and slippery meanings† (Kaufman, 1994). Since there is no one accepted operational definition of frailty, it is impossible to enumerate frail persons in the population. Therefore, prevalence of frailty varies widely depending on its definitions and patient selection. One EuropeanShow MoreRelatedEssay On Msk790 Words   |  4 Pagesosteoporosis, and musculoskeletal pain as neck pain or low back pain–have significantly affected both on aging’s health and individual’s cost of care9,10,75. Additionally, MSK is the pivotal key of increasing yearly living disability (YLDs) in the elderly population9,75. The existing evidence discovered that MSK generates disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), which it has accumulated increasing globally approximately 19.9 percent change, number of DALYs during 2005-201576. In developing country,Read MoreThe Treatment Of Muscle Mass Essay1569 Words   |  7 PagesSarcopenia is considered one of the geriatric syndromes because its prevalence in older populations (Chien, et al 2008). Sarcopenia leads to functional disabilities, decrease mobility, falls, and fractures, which lead to the loss of independence, frailty, and also increased risk of mortality (Freiberger et al., 2011). There are no effective treatments for sarcopenia yet. Pharmacological trials are not effective, these include hormonal as growth hormones, testosterones, estrogens, and tibolone (Sanchis-GomarRead MoreNursing Case Study969 Words   |  4 Pagesdistant right of a Kaplan-Meier survival curve ought to be deciphered with care, since there are less patients still in the study and the survival gauges are not as exact. For example, in this study where we are looking at factors that influence frailty in elderly people, the median follow-up was roughly 42 months. If we consider the Kaplan Meier curves produced in Figure 5.8, Assessment urgency scale level 0 had the shortest waiting times for patients compared to the other seven groups. However, thisRead MoreAn Evaluation Of The Nih Clinical Trial Registry1777 Words   |  8 Pagesaffect the elderly population. For instance, according to the SEER database, the median age of diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and MDS are 67 and 70 years respectively. Despite these findings, the number of patients over the age of 65 undergoing allogeneic HSCT remains low4. An evaluation of the NIH clinical trial registry revealed that 90% of HSCT clinical trials excluded older individuals (75 years), 75% based on chronologic age, 39% based on performance status in the elderly and 39% basedRead MoreA Short Note On The Problem Associated With Peripheral Arterial Disease ( Pad ) Patients1516 Words   |  7 Pagesthe effect of polypharmacy on the following outcomes in PAD patients 1. Inappropriate prescribing using Indicators 2. Adverse drug events 3. Potential drug interactions 4. Healthcare costs 5. Nutrition 6. Cognitive function 7. Functional status 8. Frailty 9. Medication adherence 10. Quality of life Background Increasing age and related comorbidities have resulted in excessive use of drugs causing increased incidence of adverse effects, inappropriate medication use and increased health care costs1Read MoreGERIATRIC ASSESSMENT: MALNUTRITION989 Words   |  4 Pagesproblems, but can also be a cause of physiological and psychological dysfunctions. Proper nursing assessment in the elderly should be applied in order to identify and address this problem. In this paper I would like to focus on two main points of geriatric assessment – physiologic and psychosocial. There are two categories of factors that can contribute to malnutrition in the elderly population. Physiological factors include chewing or swallowing disorders, cardiac insufficiency, respiratory problemsRead MoreLate Adulthood : The Stage Of The Human Life Cycle After The Age Of 65 Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pagesfeel the effects of various chronic conditions or disease. This process is known as senescence, the decline in body functioning associated with aging (Papalia, Feldman, Martorell, 2012, p. 501). Senescence then brings the idea of what is like to be old. Body systems start to decline in functioning ability under levels of stress, for with age... many older people cannot respond to extra physical demands (Papalia, Feldman, Martorell, 2012, p. 506). Frailty and weakness in the bones and musclesRead MoreWhat Is The Model Of A Log-Logistic Model1515 Words   |  7 Pagesselection criteria. \item Variables with very large negative numbers, such as Primary reason for assessment\footnote{Variable is coded iA8.} result in very low odds of survival. \item Consequently, there were 25 variables selected for construction of frailty index in this group. \item The variable End-Stage disease in patients who completed a home care assessment seems to partition the group into several different subgroups. Notable interactions take place between this variable and ADL self performance-Read MoreIncreasing Population Of Older People Essay1600 Words   |  7 Pagesfunctional ability (Gopinath B, Russell J, Flood VM, Burlutsky G, Mitchell P, 2014). Elderly with poor overall diet quality are likely to have suboptimal levels of nutrition biomarkers; this could negatively affect quality of life and functional independence (Gopinath B, Russell J, Flood VM, Burlutsky G, Mitchell P, 2014). Epidemiologic studies commonly have demonstrated nutritional deficits in 10-20 % of elderly people living at home and up to 60% in persons living in institutions in parallel withRead MoreThe Treatment Of Muscle Mass Essay1935 Words   |  8 PagesSarcopenia is considered one of the geriatric syndromes because its prevalence in older populations (Chien, et al 2008). Sarcopenia leads to functional disabilities, decrease mobility, falls, and fractures, which lead to the loss of independence, frailty, and also increased risk of mortality (Freiberger et al., 2011). There are no effective treatments for sarcopenia yet. Pharmacological trials are not effective, these include hormonal as growth hormones, testosterones, estrogens, and tibolone (Sanchis-Gomar

The Occupational Therapy Student ( Ots ) - 1132 Words

The purpose of this pre-class assignment is for the occupational therapy student (OTS) to analyze strengths and weaknesses in emotional intelligence (EI) skills prior to entering the leadership course. These skills will facilitate the OTS’ ability to provide the appropriate therapeutic skills clients will need during the occupational therapy (OT) process, as well as contribute to the development of the OTS’ leadership skills. This assignment will overview the OTS’ results in the Emotional Quotient Self-Score Questionnaire (EQSSQ) and compare and contrast results with traits of leadership and therapeutic modes utilized in OT practice (â€Å"Emotional Quotient Self-Score Questionnaire†, n.d.). EQSSQ Results The EQSSQ assesses the quality of skills including self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and social skills (See appendix A). The OTS scored 31 on self-awareness. The OTS reported strength in skills of evaluating limitations, identifying level of pressure, and admitting unreasonable behaviors. The OTS reports the need for improvement on expressing confidence in self and work, managing level of pressure, autonomous decision making. The OTS scored a total of 43 on self-management skills. The OTS reports good selfmanagement and emotional regulation skills such as maintain a calm appearance when a situation becomes uncomfortable, and self- initiating tasks. The OTS believes she can improve on accepting criticism non-defensively, adjusting rapidly to change, and stayingShow MoreRelatedThe American Occupational Therapy Association993 Words   |  4 Pagessense of urgency among the stakeholders, such as occupational therapists, educators, OT students, and parents. The sense of urgency can be established by pointing out possible consequences of not specifying OTs as school mental health providers under the NCLB. It is necessary to convey to stakeholders that the current trends will continue to restrict the role of OTs to the special education population. In the long run, this trend will further limit OT services to address sensorimotor skills as schoolsRead MorePhysical Therapy, Pt, And Occupational Therapy966 Wor ds   |  4 PagesPhysical therapy, PT, and occupational therapy, OT, are two careers that help people heal and rehabilitate. PTs and OTs may seem similar at a glance, but they have just as many differences. The job descriptions and history vary, but the salary, requirements, and goals are fairly alike. They both take much skill and expertise, and few people actually understand the difference between the two. Therapy is the treatment of disease or disability through rehabilitation processes. Both physicalRead MoreResearch Study, Ward, Mitchell, And Price1299 Words   |  6 Pagestheir research study, Ward, Mitchell, and Price (2007) address a major area of concern within the field of OT, the emphasis of occupation based practice in individual treatment sessions. They researched data dating back to the sixties in order to discover when in history the profession has strayed away from its foundational views In order to keep up with the traditional medical model, the OT profession lost sight of its core values and lost its unique contribution to the field as a holistic fieldRead MorePhysical Therapy ( Pt ) And Occupational Therapy969 Words   |  4 PagesPhysical therapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) are two careers that help people heal and rehabilitate. PTs and OTs may seem similar at a glance, but they have just as many differences. The job descriptions and history vary, but the salary, and requirements are fairly alike. They both take much skill and expertise, but few people actually understand the difference between the two. Therapy is the treatment of disease or disability through rehabilitation processes. Both physical and occupationalRead MoreThe Importance Of Occupational Therapy1315 Words   |  6 PagesOccupational therapy is a therapeutic approach that promotes the health, well-being, and spirit of every individual regardless of diagnosis or disability. The Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process text (2014), defines occupational therapy as, â€Å"the therapeutic use of everyday life activities (occupations) with individuals or groups for the purpose of enhancing or enabling participation in roles, habits, and routines in home, school, workplace, community, and other settings† (pgRead MoreOccupational Therapists Are Ill, Injured, Or Disabled1059 Words   |  5 Pages The Bureau of Labor Statistics describes an occupational therapist as one who treats patients who are ill, injured, or disabled by the therapeutic use of everyday activities. They help patie nts develop, recover, and improve the skills needed for daily living and working (2014-15).The Occupational Handbook describes the many jobs of these occupational therapists in steps. It states that the process begins with observing patients, interviewing them, and reviewing medical history. OnceRead MorePain Case Study1732 Words   |  7 Pagesliving. The benefits of this modality in occupational therapy (at a cognitive level) can help the client to improve self-image, increase confidence, decrease stress and anxiety, and improve quality of life. Use of CAM Modalities, and its Implications for OT Research and Practice The occupational therapy practitioner must use suitable practice models to guide clinical reasoning in treatment planning and evaluation. Electroacupuncture may be used by occupational therapists as a preparatory method toRead MoreThe American Occupational Therapy Association ( Aota ) And Its Director Of Health Policy794 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Inter-OT School Legislative Workshop offered insight into the future Occupational Therapy (OT) in the United States and how I— a future therapist can advocate for change and ensure the future and strength of the profession. Within the 3-hour event, I gained a tremendous amount of understanding of OT’s future, various funding sources from the federal government, projected demands of the field in the future, and further insight to the critical work of the American Occupational Therapy AssociationRead MoreGeneral Research Perspective And Type1142 Words   |  5 Pagesthe respondents to convey their unique perspective. This will allow for a high quality of information from OT practitioners serving in different regions with varied experience. The following subquestions were asked: What are the biggest obstacles facing Occupational Therapy in the school system? Which skills are underutilized in the school system by OT practitioners? Do you feel the role of OT is understood by your co-workers? Are you satisfied with your job? The answers to these sub-questions areRead MoreMental And Physical Health Of College Students1469 Words   |  6 PagesMental and Physical Health of College Students Jackie Brocious Misericordia University Literature Review: Mental and Physical Health of College Students This paper is focused on the sub-topic of mental and physical health of college students, either within healthcare-related fields or general graduate programs. This sub-topic is a branch of our group’s research purpose of identifying the occupational therapy (OT) student’s perception and confidence with an OT program and their preparedness within

Intelligent Design Vs Evolution Essay Example For Students

Intelligent Design Vs Evolution Essay TheoryThis short report will give you a short summary on evolution and how it myaffect us, or even surroundings. Also, how it my affect our food chain and ifone thing would die how the other would suffer because of that, for an exampleif you had snakes and birds and if snakes were to die birds population woulddrop. Why, because birds feed on snakes. Now a part of the food chain containssomething called niche now you are asking what that is, so I guess that Iwill answer that question, it basically what the organism will do in the foodchain. A food chain is how in the worlds animals, people, parasites, andinsects get all of their food ,and what predators will eat them.. Plus, it hasto do with how all of the organisms on this earth, and maybe; not to beinsulting, but to those who believe in Extra Terrestrial, and how all of thesecame to our extraordinary planet. But, there is a man by the name of Darwin nonot the cartoon, but a man who I think might believe in God , yes God ,but Godof T hunder maybe any God but not the one that I think really counts. ThisDARWIN who is kind of dumb, believed that everything on this earth came fromnothing. Now, what Darwin really doesnt know is how nothing came fromnothing. What they call people who believe in this dumb theory are calledDarwinist. So I guess you could call these people pessimist or at least him. Onthe other hand there are people who believe in what you, me, and almost all ofthe intelligent people would believe in these people are calledcreationist. Are creationist believe that there were things that put thisnothing on the earth. Now since this is creative writing, I can not understandhow people can tolerate this nonsense on how there was nothing and how itcreated Dinosaurs etc So in a way he did kind of believe in evolution he justcould not understand that animals came from a creator and not from a particle. If you were to take your imagination, picture being in a food chain. Noweverybody know that humans dont eat human in the present day but ifhumans were in the food chain and we did not have a Martins or a 7UP we wouldhave to kill for our food. Now in times were there where cavemen they had tofight for the food and eat raw meet. If the President Bill Clinton said that wedo not have a food supply and we had to hunt and we did not have guns or anytype of weapons. What we have to do is work and fight, and then we would be abig part of the food chain and had to hunt every day. Now this is crazy, but wedont have to hunt but I guess we are a Scavenger because we get meat atstores, prey because sharks, and Predators have eaten us because we hunt. Alsonot lead you in the wrong way but we are in the food chain right know. Manycreatures may have similar characteristics. This doesnt mean they evolved fromone ancestor. All animals can change to a certain extent, which can explaindifferent breeds o f the same species. However, they are limited by their genesand stuff like that. Although genetic mutations rarely occur, they must be takeninto account. Most genetic mutations are harmful, but the Theory of Evolutionrequires that some were beneficial. This cant be true. For example, a fish,which mutates at the beginning of its life, might grow a small part of a lung. .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 , .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 .postImageUrl , .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 , .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6:hover , .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6:visited , .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6:active { border:0!important; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6:active , .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6 .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u39add4e9e9ac2915ad02141effd334f6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Tension in Poetry Sample EssayRather than benefiting the fish, the lung would be a useless organ. The fishwill succumb to natural selection because it is not as fit as other fish. Thisis true for any other genetic mutation. This also has to do with evolution andthe way an animal can change maybe just be eating something. The Theory ofEvolution says the oldest layers of rock should be under younger layers, whichmakes sense. Parts of the theory are illustrated by the standard geologiccolumn, but there are a few things wrong with the standard geologic column. Lawrence O. Richardss book It Couldnt Just Happen says there is no place onEarth where the standard geologic column can be seen. Plus, sometimes rocks thatare

Story Group Pressure free essay sample

If someone asked you to jump off a bridge with two of your friends, would you do it? Peer pressure is defined by social pressure from members of ones peer group to take a certain action, adopt certain values, or otherwise conform in order to be accepted. There are many types of peer pressure; a common one is group pressure. Drunk driving is defined as operating a motor vehicle after consuming alcohol. This is often caused by stupidity or even peer pressure. Your peers influence you a lot in a negative or positive way. In these two short stories by Rodney Stark and Theresa Conroy the characters fall under peer pressure, which leads to both a negative and positive outcome. Although these two stories are complete opposite from each other, through further analysis one can gather that you should be yourself and not follow in ones footsteps, be a leader. We will write a custom essay sample on Story Group Pressure or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Group pressure affects everyone involved in the situation. Whether it’s harming or helping others, your still being affected. In the short story Group Pressure by Rodney Stark an experiment was tested on a group of people to show visual perception done by Solomon Asch. In this experiment, Asch gathers two large decks of cards with different lengths of lines on them. One card will display the correct line while the other cards won’t have the correct length line. As being shown the crowd has to decide which card they think is the closet length to the actual card, the crowd will then shout out their answers. As this experiment was proceeding you pretend you’re one of the subjects. Everyone in front of you is picking the same answer as you, your confidence is boosted. You now feel like you know every answer and there’s no doubt in your mind that you can possibly get one wrong. As the experiment gets harder the other subjects are calling out different answers, answers different then yours. But your 100 percent that your right, this is when your confidence and self esteem goes down. Should you just agree with everyone else? Or should you just say your answer because you know your right? So many thoughts going through ones head. In this experiment the ubject decides to stick to their answer, and your correct. Its better to be a leader than a follower. Not only can peer pressure be affected in situations like this, it can also be a cause of something much more dangerous such as drinking and driving. The short story A Drunken Ride, a Tragic Aftermath by Theresa Conroy and Christine M. Johnson is another example of peer pressure. This short story was about a g roup of high school boys that just graduated going to an after party that involved underage drinking. Going to this party these boys had plans on getting intoxicated but no plans on getting home. As the party went on these four boys decided they got bored half way through and wanted something to eat, so they convinced their friend that drove to go and get food even though he had been drinking. He knew it was a bad idea but he didn’t want to let down his friends. With all the bribing that was being done by his friends he finally cave in. The outcome of this situation was these four boys didn’t make it to their destination, on their way there they got into a car accident leading to all but ones death. With all being said, you should never fall for peer pressure, if you know something is wrong why do it and get yourself into trouble? There are always consequences that will be faced with wrong doings. Peer pressure is so complex, yet fundamental to life. Even though it can take us through the toughest times and lead one to hollow, it can also construct our character and confidence level to make better decisions. All in all, it will always exist and be a problem that should be explained. We can avoid some of the negative peer pressure if we evaluate our surroundings a lot more carefully, and turn it into positive peer pressure but ignoring others and being ourselves. Were known as individuals not a group.